贵州财经大学学报

贵州财经大学学报 ›› 2025 ›› Issue (04): 82-89.

• 农村经济 • 上一篇    

稻麦之别:种植结构差异与农村人力资本积累

马克卫1,2, 王丽丽1, 尤亮3   

  1. 1. 山西财经大学 统计学院, 山西 太原 030006;
    2. 山西财经大学 "一带一路"研究院, 山西 太原 030006;
    3. 山西财经大学 平台经济研究院, 山西 太原 030006
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-26 发布日期:2025-07-17
  • 作者简介:马克卫(1984—),男,河南舞钢人,山西财经大学统计学院、"一带一路"研究院二级教授,研究方向为国民经济核算与宏观经济统计分析;王丽丽(1997—),女,山西石楼人,山西财经大学统计学院硕士研究生,研究方向为经济统计分析;尤亮(1989—),男,安徽六安人,山西财经大学平台经济研究院副教授,研究方向为农业经济理论与政策。
  • 基金资助:
    教育部人文社会科学研究青年项目"数据资产核算背景下的GDP调整与生产函数重构方法研究"(22YJCZH124);山西省高等学校青年学术带头人项目"'国家×国家’型资金流量表编制方法研究"(2024Q020);国家社会科学基金重大项目"全球资金流量核算与构建新发展格局研究"(23&ZD126)。

The Rice-Wheat Divide: Cultivation Structure Disparities and Rural Human Capital Accumulation

MA Kewei1,2, WANG Lili1, YOU Liang3   

  1. 1. School of Statistics, Shanxi University of Finance and Economics, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China;
    2. Institute of Belt and Road, Shanxi University of Finance and Economics, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China;
    3. Institute of Platform Economy, Shanxi University of Finance and Economics, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
  • Received:2024-12-26 Published:2025-07-17

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摘要： "南稻北麦"是我国粮食种植结构最典型的差异化特征,对农村人力资本积累的影响持久且深远。利用CFPS数据作为研究样本,聚焦60、70后农村劳动力主体,结合多元回归模型,考察粮食种植结构对农村人力资本积累的影响效应。结果表明,稻谷种植区的农村人力资本积累水平显著低于小麦种植区。经济发展水平的提高可以弱化稻谷种植对人力资本积累的显著负向影响;粮食种植结构对农村人力资本积累的影响在不同年龄结构之间也呈现出差异性,特别是在1960—1964年与1975—1979年出生的农村劳动力,种植结构对其人力资本积累水平的影响更为显著。值得注意的是,农民受教育水平提高和稻谷种植面积扩大的协同作用,将增强农民从事农业工作的意愿。

关键词: 稻麦之别, 粮食种植结构, 农村人力资本积累, 种植面积, 农民就业选择

Abstract: The pattern of "southern rice and northern wheat" constitutes the most distinctive regional characteristic of China’s grain cultivation structure, exerting profound and enduring impacts on rural human capital accumulation. Utilizing CFPS data as the research sample and focusing on the post-60s and post-70s rural labor force cohorts, this study investigates the effects of grain cultivation structure on rural human capital accumulation through multiple regression models. The results indicate that rural human capital accumulation levels in rice-growing regions are significantly lower than those in wheat-growing regions. Economic development can mitigate the significant negative impact of rice cultivation on human capital accumulation. Furthermore, the influence of grain cultivation structure on rural human capital accumulation demonstrates heterogeneity across different age cohorts, particularly showing more pronounced effects on laborers born between 1960-1964 and 1975-1979. Notably, the synergistic effect of improved educational attainment among farmers and the expansion of rice cultivation areas enhances their willingness to engage in agricultural work.

Key words: rice-wheat divide, grain planting structure, rural human capital accumulation, cultivated area, farmers’ employment choices

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