贵州财经大学学报

贵州财经大学学报 ›› 2026 ›› Issue (05): 71-84.

• 金融经济 • 上一篇    

新型农村金融机构设立能否提升县域创业活跃度

肖坚1, 孟美侠1, 韩先锋2, 李佳佳3   

  1. 1. 上海财经大学 公共管理学院, 上海 200433;
    2. 昆明理工大学 管理与经济学院, 云南 昆明 650093;
    3. 西安交通大学 经济与金融学院, 陕西 西安 712046
  • 收稿日期:2026-01-27 发布日期:2026-09-17
  • 作者简介:肖坚（2000—），男，湖南怀化人，上海财经大学公共管理学院博士研究生，研究方向为创新创业；孟美侠（1978—），女，河南新乡人，经济学博士，上海财经大学公共管理学院研究员，研究方向为城市与区域经济学；韩先锋（1984—），男，陕西商洛人，经济学博士，昆明理工大学管理与经济学院特聘教授，研究方向为创新与经济增长；李佳佳（1998—），女，四川达州人，西安交通大学经济与金融学院博士研究生，研究方向为技术创新。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目“多维空间大数据下中国城市内部空间结构演进与评价”（项目编号：7217307）；国家自然科学基金面上项目“‘两高’制造业数智化转型赋能绿色创新:机制探索、经验辨识与政策启示”（项目编号：72473059）。

Whether the establishment of new rural financial institutions can enhance the entrepreneurial activity of counties?

Xiao Jian1, Meng Meixia1, Han Xianfeng2, Li Jiajia3   

  1. 1. School of Public Administration and Policy, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai 200433, China;
    2. School of Management and Economics, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650093, China;
    3. School of Economics and Finance, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 712046, China
  • Received:2026-01-27 Published:2026-09-17

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摘要： 提升县域创业活跃度，是实现城乡融合和共同富裕需要解决的现实问题。基于2004—2022年中国1836个县（市）的面板数据，采用多期双重差分模型系统分析新型农村金融机构设立对县域创业活跃度的影响，研究结果显示：第一，新型农村金融机构设立可有效提升县域创业活跃度，在进行工具变量回归、PSM-DID、异质性稳健估计量等一系列内生性处理及稳健性检验后，该结论依然成立；第二，新型农村金融机构设立通过提升银行业竞争程度、增强信贷资源可得性、提高人力资本水平以及拓展消费市场规模等机制间接提升县域创业活跃度；第三，新型农村金融机构设立在红色文化氛围较浓郁、宗族文化约束较弱、行政分割以及文化分割程度较低的地区，其创业激励效果更明显；第四，新型农村金融机构并未在县域间呈现出明显的创业外溢效应，而是促进了创业活动在县域内部的地理集聚。研究有利于从总量和空间视角理解新型农村金融机构设立对县域创业的具体影响，对实现乡村全面振兴和城乡融合发展具有一定启示。

关键词: 新型农村金融机构, 县域创业活跃度, 中间机制, 地理集聚效应

Abstract: How to improve the vitality of entrepreneurial activities at the county level is a practical issue that needs to be addressed to achieve urban-rural integration and common prosperity. Based on the panel data of 1,836 counties (county-level cities) in China from 2004 to 2022, this paper systematically analyzes the impact of the establishment of new rural financial institutions on county-level entrepreneurial vitality using a multi-period difference-in-differences model. The results show that: first, the establishment of new rural financial institutions can effectively enhance county-level entrepreneurial vitality, and this conclusion remains valid after a series of endogeneity treatments and robustness tests, such as instrumental variable regression, PSM-DID, and heterogeneous robust estimators. Second, the establishment of new rural financial institutions indirectly boosts county-level entrepreneurial vitality by improving the degree of banking competition, enhancing the availability of credit resources, raising the level of human capital, and expanding the scale of the consumer market. Third, the entrepreneurial incentive effect of the establishment of new rural financial institutions is more pronounced in areas with a strong red cultural atmosphere, low clan cultural level, and low degree of administrative and cultural segmentation. Fourth, new rural financial institutions do not exhibit significant cross-county spillover effects on entrepreneurship, but realize the geographical agglomeration effect of entrepreneurial activities within counties. This study helps to understand the specific impact of the establishment of new rural financial institutions on county-level entrepreneurship from the perspectives of aggregate volume and space, and provides certain implications for the realization of comprehensive rural revitalization and urban-rural integrated development.

Key words: new rural financial institutions, county-level entrepreneurial activity, intermediate mechanism, geographical agglomeration effect

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