贵州财经大学学报

贵州财经大学学报 ›› 2025 ›› Issue (6): 90-99.

• 人工智能 • 上一篇    

工业机器人应用对流动人口性别收入差距的影响

杨丁紫薇1, 梁诗逸2, 李响1   

  1. 1. 南开大学 经济学院, 天津 300071;
    2. 郑州大学 商学院, 河南 郑州 450001
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-13 发布日期:2025-11-24
  • 作者简介:杨丁紫薇(1993—),女,河南淮阳人,南开大学经济学院博士研究生,研究方向为世界经济;梁诗逸(1999—),女,河南济源人,郑州大学商学院硕士研究生,研究方向为国民经济、劳动经济;李响(1996—),男,山东枣庄人,南开大学经济学院博士研究生,研究方向为创新经济、国民经济。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金一般项目"共同富裕目标下代际收入流动阻碍因素与提升路径研究"(22BJL074)。

The Impact of Industrial Robot Application on Gender Income Gap of Floating Population

YANG Dingziwei1, LIANG Shiyi2, LI Xiang1   

  1. 1. School of Economics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China;
    2. Business School, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
  • Received:2024-12-13 Published:2025-11-24

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摘要： 在工业机器人渗透率持续攀升与流动人口规模日益壮大的双重背景下,中国劳动力市场的性别收入差距呈现出新的复杂性。现有文献对工业机器人如何影响流动人口这一关键群体的性别收入差距,缺乏系统性的实证研究。文章利用国际机器人联合会(IFR)提供的工业机器人数据、中国经济普查数据(CEC)以及中国流动人口动态监测数据(CMDS),探究工业机器人应用对流动人口性别收入差距的影响。研究发现,工业机器人应用加剧了中国劳动力市场中流动人口的性别收入差距,且这一影响在经济区域和城市特征方面呈现出显著的异质性。进一步的机制分析表明,工业机器人应用通过改变就业机会和重塑工作特征加剧流动人口性别收入差距,这一机制在低技能群体中体现尤为明显。研究可为理解智能化时代下劳动力市场的结构性变迁提供经验证据,并可为制定旨在缩小流动人口性别收入差距的公共政策提供有益参考。

关键词: 工业机器人, 流动人口, 性别收入差距, 低技能劳动力

Abstract: Against the dual backdrop of the continuously rising penetration of industrial robots and the growing scale of the migrant population, the gender income gap in China’s labor market presents new complexities. However, existing literature lacks systematic empirical research on how industrial robots affect the gender income gap for the crucial demographic of migrant workers. Therefore, this paper utilizes data from the International Federation of Robotics (IFR), the China Economic Census (CEC), and the China Migrants Dynamic Survey (CMDS) to investigate the impact of industrial robot application on the gender income gap among the migrant population. Our findings reveal that the application of industrial robots exacerbates the gender income gap among migrants in China’s labor market, and this effect exhibits significant heterogeneity across different economic regions and city characteristics. Further mechanism analysis indicates that industrial robots widen the gender income gap by altering employment opportunities and reshaping job characteristics, a mechanism that is particularly pronounced among the low-skilled group. This study provides empirical evidence for understanding the structural transformations of the labor market in an era of intelligence and offers valuable insights for formulating public policies aimed at narrowing the gender income gap for the migrant population.

Key words: industrial robots, migrant population, gender income gap, low-skilled labor

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