Abstract: China's economy has entered a new stage of development, necessitating the enhancement of new-quality productivity to achieve economic transformation and upgrading. Innovation capability plays a crucial role in boosting new-quality productivity. Although existing literature has explored various factors influencing new-quality productivity, there is a scarcity of research examining its impact from the perspective of county-level innovation capability. Taking 88 counties in Guizhou Province from 2011 to 2021 as the research objects, this paper constructs index systems for county-level innovation capability and new-quality productivity, respectively, and employs empirical analysis to study the static and dynamic impact effects of county-level innovation capability on new-quality productivity. The results indicate that: Firstly, the direct and indirect effects of county-level innovation capability in Guizhou on new-quality productivity are both significantly positive; Secondly, the mechanism of this effect involves upgrading the three elements of productivity – "laborers, labor objects, and means of labor"; Thirdly, under the static mechanism, the direct effect of county-level innovation capability in the Central Guizhou Urban Agglomeration is significantly positive, while the indirect effect of county-level innovation capability in non-Central Guizhou Urban Agglomeration is significantly negative; Fourthly, under the dynamic mechanism, the direct effect of the county-level innovation capability progress index on the new-quality productivity progress index is significantly positive, while the indirect effect is not significant. Moreover, the conclusions drawn from the perspective of heterogeneity in the dynamic mechanism are consistent with those of the overall county-level samples.

Key words: new-quality productivity, county-level innovation capability, static mechanism, dynamic mechanism